References

References
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Images

"Elephant temporal gland secretions." Wildlife Pictures Online Nov. 2010. <http://www.wildlife-pictures-online.com/elephant-communication-2.html>

"Paternity rates of musth vs. nonmusth males, by age". Graph. Hollister-Smith, J. A. et al. “Age, Musth, and Paternity Success in Wild Male African Elephants. Loxodonta Africana.” Anim. Behav. 2007. 74: 287-296.

"Spectrograms of a) musth rumble and b) estrus call". Spectrogram. Poole, J. H. “Signals and Assesment in African Elephants: Evidence from Playback Experiments.” Anim. Behav. 1999, 58:185-193.

"Female examines the temporal gland secretions of a male." Photograph. Eisenberg, John F. McKay, G. M.; Jainudeen, M. R. “Reproductive Behavior of the Asiatic Elephant (Elephas maximus maximus L.)” Behavior. 1971. 38(34): 193-225.