References

General

Baraff L., Weinrich M.T. Separation of a humpback whale mother and calf on a feeding ground in early autumn. Mar Mamm Sci. 9:431-434. (1993)

Brown M.R., Corkeroni P.J., Hale P.T., Schultzi K.W., Bryden M.M. Evidence for a sex-segregated migration in the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). Biological Sciences. 259(1355):229-234. (1995)

Chang S.R., Kirschvink J.L. Magnetofossils, the Mafnetization of Sediments, and the Evolution of Magnetite Biomineralization. Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 17:169-95. (1989)

Clapham P.J., Mayo C.A. Reproduction of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) observed in the Gulf of Maine. Rep Int Whaling Comm Spec Issue. 12:171-175. (1990)

Craig A.S., Herman L.I. Sex differences in site fidelity and migration of humpback whales (Megaptera novaengliae) to the Hawaiian Islands.  Can. J. Zool. 75:1923-1933. (1997)

Craig A.S., Herman L.I, Gabriele C.M., Pack A.A. Migratory Timing of Humpback Whales (Megaptera Novaeangliae) in the Central North Pacific varies with age, sex and reproductive status. Behaviour. 140:981-1001. (2003)

Deméré T.A., Berta A., McGowen M.R. The Taxonomic and Evolutionary History of Fossil and Modern Balaenopteroid Mysticetes. Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 12(1/2). (2005)

Herman L.M. Pac. Sci. 33:1-15. (1979)

Johnson J.H., Wolman A.A. The Humpback Whale, Megaptera novaeangliae. Marine Fisheries Review. 1984.

Kenney R.D., Mayo C.A., Winn H.E. Migration and foraging strategies at varying spatial scales in western North Atlantic right whales: a review of hypotheses. J. Cetacean Res. Manage. 2:251-260. (2001)

Kirschvink J.L., Dizon A.E., Westphal J.A. Evidence From Strandings for Geomagnetic Sensitivity in Cetaceans. J. exp. Biol. 120:1-24. (1986)

Rendell L., Whitehead H. Culture in whales and dolphins. Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 24(309-382). (2001)

Szabo A., Duffus D. Mother-offspring association in the humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae: following behavior in an aquatic mammal. Animal Behavior. 75:1085-1092. (2007)

J.R. Tolkein. The Fellowship of the Ring. Houghton Mifflin Marcourt: United States, 1978.

Walker M.M., Kirschvink J.L., Ahmed G., Diction A.E. Evidence that fin whales respond to the geomagnetic field during migration. J. exp. Biol. 171:67-78. (1992)

Walker M.M., Dennis T.E., Kirschvink J.L. The magnetic sense and its use in long-distance navigation by animals. Current Opinion in Neurobiology. 12:735-744. (2002)

Weinrich M.T., Rosenbaum H., Baker C.S., Blackmer A.L, Whitehead H. The Influence of Maternal Lineages on Social Affiliations among Humpback Whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) on Their Feeding Grounds in the Southern Gulf of Maine. Journal of Heredity Advance Access. (2006)

 

Figures

Island Marine Institute. Migration of Humpback Whales to Hawaii. wwww.whalewatchmaui.com. (2000)

Photo by Flip Nicklin, National Geographic. Southern Whale Migration Overlapping Northern Whale Breeding Grounds. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/bigphotos/83731512.html. (April 20, 2007)

Johnson J.H., Wolman A.A. The Humpback Whale, Megaptera novaeangliae. Marine Fisheries Review. (1984)

Baker C.S., Herman L.M., Perry A., Lawton W.S., Straley J.M., Wolman A.A., Kaufman G.D., Winn H.E., Hall J.D., Reinke J.M., Ostman J. Migratory movement and population structure of humpback whales (Megaptera novaengliae) in the central and eastern North Pacific. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 31:105-119. (1986)

Baker C.S., Palumbi S.R., Lambertsen R.H., Weinrich M.T., Calambokidis J., O'Brien S.J. Influence of seasonal migration on geographic distribution of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes in humpback whales. Nature. 344:238-240. (1990)

Stevick P.T., Allen J., Berube M., Clapham P.J., Katona S.K., Larsen F., Lien J., Mattila D.K., Palsboll P.J., Robbins J., Sigurjonsson J., Smith T.D., Oien N, Hammond P.S. Segregation of migration by feeding ground origin in North Atlantic humpback whales (Megaptera novaengliae). J. Zool., Lond. 259:321-237. (2003)

Walker M.M., Dennis T.E., Kirschvink J.L. The magnetic sense and its use in long-distance navigation by animals. Current Opinion in Neurobiology. 12:735-744. (2002)

Brown M.R., Corkeroni P.J., Hale P.T., Schultzi K.W., Bryden M.M. Evidence for a sex-segregated migration in the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). Biological Sciences. 259(1355):229-234. (1995)

Baker C.S., Perry A., Bannister J.L., Weinrich M.T., Abernethy R.B., Galambokidis J., Lien J., Lambertsen R.H., Ramirez U., Vasquez O., Clapham P.J., Alling A., O'Brien, S.J., Palumbi S.R. Abundant mitochondrial DNA variation and world-wide population structure in humpback whales. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 90:8239-8243. (1993)

Chang S.R., Kirschvink J.L. Magnetofossils, the Mafnetization of Sediments, and the Evolution of Magnetite Biomineralization. Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 17:169-95. (1989)

Pacific Ocean International. Humpback Whale and Calf | Defending Our Oceans. http://oceans.greenpeace.org-/en/photo-audio-video/photos/humpback-whale-and-calf. (2000)




























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